📖 答案解析 — 数字守艺人（非遗文化） — 中等2

# 读取行列数
n, m = map(int, input().split())
# 生成方阵
grid = []
num = 1
for i in range(n):
    row = []
    for j in range(m):
        row.append(num)
        num += 1
    grid.append(row)
# 输出方阵
for row in grid:
    print(' '.join(map(str, row)))
# 计算四个角落编号之和
top_left = grid[0][0]
top_right = grid[0][m - 1]
bottom_left = grid[n - 1][0]
bottom_right = grid[n - 1][m - 1]
corner_sum = top_left + top_right + bottom_left + bottom_right
print(f"四个角落编号之和：{corner_sum}")

# 读取非遗技艺信息
name = input().strip()
category = input().strip()
region = input().strip()
level = input().strip()
date = input().strip()
# 构建档案内容
content = "========== 非遗技艺档案 ==========\n"
content += f"项目名称：{name}\n"
content += f"所属类别：{category}\n"
content += f"传承地区：{region}\n"
content += f"保护等级：{level}\n"
content += f"建档日期：{date}\n"
content += "==================================\n"
# 写入文件
with open("heritage_record.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    f.write(content)
# 屏幕提示
print("档案已保存至 heritage_record.txt")

# 内置工艺材料数据
crafts = {
    "剪纸": {"红纸": 10, "剪刀": 2, "刻刀": 1},
    "刺绣": {"丝线": 20, "绣布": 5, "绣针": 3, "绣绷": 1},
    "陶艺": {"陶土": 15, "釉料": 8, "转盘": 1},
    "蜡染": {"白布": 6, "蜂蜡": 3, "染料": 5, "蜡刀": 2}
}
# 任务1：统计每种工艺的材料种类数
for name, materials in crafts.items():
    print(f"{name}共需{len(materials)}种材料")
# 任务2：统计所有材料的总使用量
material_total = {}
for name, materials in crafts.items():
    for mat, qty in materials.items():
        if mat in material_total:
            material_total[mat] += qty
        else:
            material_total[mat] = qty
# 找使用最多的材料
max_mat = ""
max_qty = 0
for mat, qty in material_total.items():
    if qty > max_qty:
        max_qty = qty
        max_mat = mat
print(f"使用最多的材料：{max_mat}（共{max_qty}个单位）")
# 任务3：按工艺名升序输出完整清单
for name in sorted(crafts.keys()):
    materials = crafts[name]
    parts = []
    for mat, qty in materials.items():
        parts.append(f"{mat}×{qty}")
    print(f"{name}：{', '.join(parts)}")

from datetime import date, timedelta
# 读取日期
y, m, d = map(int, input().split())
# 节气的基础日期（取大致中间的日期，即范围的首日）
# 格式：(月, 日, 节气名称)
terms = [
    (2, 3, "立春"),
    (2, 18, "雨水"),
    (3, 5, "惊蛰"),
    (3, 20, "春分"),
    (4, 4, "清明"),
    (4, 19, "谷雨"),
    (5, 5, "立夏"),
    (5, 20, "小满")
]
# 判断输入日期属于哪个节气（±1天容差）
input_date = date(y, m, d)
found = None
for i, (tm, td, name) in enumerate(terms):
    term_date = date(y, tm, td)
    diff = abs((input_date - term_date).days)
    if diff <= 1:
        found = i
        break
if found is not None:
    # 命中某个节气
    term_name = terms[found][2]
    print(f"{m}月{d}日是{term_name}")
    # 下一个节气（如果不是最后一个）
    if found < len(terms) - 1:
        next_tm, next_td, next_name = terms[found + 1]
        next_date = date(y, next_tm, next_td)
        days_left = (next_date - input_date).days
        print(f"距离下一个节气还有约{days_left}天")
    else:
        print("这是本季最后一个节气")
else:
    # 未命中，判断处于哪两个节气之间
    for i in range(len(terms) - 1):
        prev_term = date(y, terms[i][0], terms[i][1])
        next_term = date(y, terms[i + 1][0], terms[i + 1][1])
        if prev_term < input_date < next_term:
            print(f"{m}月{d}日位于{terms[i][2]}与{terms[i+1][2]}之间")
            days_left = (next_term - input_date).days
            print(f"距离{terms[i+1][2]}还有约{days_left}天")
            break